2010中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟题 一

模拟试题一 I. Vocabulary

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

1. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't A. make out what color it was.

2. The C. application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.

3. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been B. exposed

4. Mr. Morgan can be very sad _ B. in private __, though in public he is extremely cheerful. 5. You should D. throw away these tables and buy new ones.

6. _ B. In regard to _ their suggestions, we will discuss them fully at the next meeting. 7. The medicine which the doctor gave her can only B. relieve 'her temporarily from pain. 8. On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with A. naked __ eye.

9. Many new _ A. opportunities _ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. 10. The weather is highly C. variable __ at this time of the year and it is hard to know what to wear. 11. When you go to a new country, you must _ D. adapt _ yourself to new manners and customs. 12. I found myself completely C. carried away by his vivid performance. 13. These safety measures will C. result in __ the reduction of accidents.

14. Some discussion has D. arisen about who should be put in charge of this project. 15. _ B. In the light of _ these changes we must revise our plan.

16. Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success D. encouraged him in his later study 17. More and more cheaper materials are being _ C. substituted for the better, more expensive kind in production 18. We are taking a collection to buy flowers for John because he is in the hospital. B. up 19. This is C. by no means the first time you have been late. 20. The taxi had to D. pull up because the traffic light had turned red. II. Grammatical Structure

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. So frightened _ A. was the girl _ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. 22. It was B. not until then that I came to know that knowledge comes from practice. 23. Everything depends on _ C. whether _ we have enough time. 24. I'd just as soon _ C. you didn't speak _ rudely to her. 25. B. While you may be right, 1 can't altogether agree.

26.--I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like _ D. throwing up ... eat _ --I told you not to eat at a restaurant. You'd better __ at home.

27. His response was _ D. such _ that he didn't say yes and he didn't say no.

28. C. There being nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet, said goodbye and left the meeting room 29. I went to my adviser to ask him what courses _ C. to take _ 30. I have not found my book yet. I'm not sure _ B. what _ I could have done with it.

31. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he hadn't seen it himself, he _ D. would never have believed _it 32. ! wish Bill would drive us to the train station but he has B. too small a car to take us all. 33. _ A. Searching _ the building for stolen goods, the police found twenty machine guns.

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

34. Not until the year of 1954 _ C. was the city _ made the capital of this province. 35. If the dog hadn't barked loudly, we D. shouldn't have been caught red-handed. 36. The budget they made is unrealistic A. for that it disregards increased costs.

37. The Latin class had twenty students, _ D. most of whom _ had had much better language training than 1 38. Close the door, A. will you ?

39. The storm, they had to live in a cave. C. having destroyed their hut 40. It was going to be some time _ D. before _ he would see his father again. Ill. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children

nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce, A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.

41. To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increases because D. all of the above A. children attend school for more years B. children are better dressed

C. children spend more money on entertainment D. all of the above

42. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents?

A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay much attention to children. B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children. C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself.

D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children. 石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

43. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may _ C. get better _ A. become worse B. remain the same C. get better D. keep unchanged

44. The title of the article might be _ B. American Families _ A. American Children B. American Families C. American Mother D. American Parents Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:

When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.

I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar (讨论会). The professor didn't act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic (语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal (情态的) verbs--far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, \"This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong.\" or \"You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.\" In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question, i still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure about it.

Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their English composition. The examinations in America usually do not test a student's ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking.

45. In the USA, when the students are in class, _ D. an American student tends to be vigorous _ A. a Chinese student tends to be very active B. an American student likes to make trouble C. a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacher D. an American student tends to be vigorous

46. A teacher in the USA prefers to _ A. be very sincere _ when he answers questions. A. be very sincere B. be very direct C. be very self confident D. be very indifferent

47. What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods between China and the USA?

A. He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can make students learn more.

B. He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students' remembrance.

C. He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented. D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.

48. The author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is __

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

A. more intimate in China B. closer in China C. looser in USA D. more harmonious in USA Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:

With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--add, subtract, multiply and divide--with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.

Once it is given a \"program\" -- that is, a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language -- a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.

Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered \"memory\" machine that \"has all the answers\"--or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do. At times computers seem almost human. They can \"read\" hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called \"thinking\" machines?

Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex than a computer. How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide. 49. \"Program\" means __ A. a plan of what is to be done

B. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time table C. a scheduled performance

D. series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer 50. The computer is a high powered \"memory\" machine, which __ A. has all the ready answers -- or almost all to any questions B. can remember everything

C. can store everything and work for you

D. has all the answers -- or almost to all the information that has been stored 51. \"Thinking\" machines suggest that __ A. they can \"read\" hand printed letters etc B. they really can think and do many other jobs

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

C. they even design other computers

D. they can't think, but can do something under human control 52. Can computers do whatever they want to do? Why?

A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can. B. No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.

C. No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers. D. No, because how a computer works is decided by human. Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:

Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.

The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.

Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.

The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long. 53. The main purpose of the passage is __ A. to show us a future way of recycling wastes B. to tell the importance of recycling wastes C. to warn people the danger of some wastes D. to introduce a new recycling plant

54. How many stages are there in the recycling process? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.

55. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants? A. To deal with wastes in a better way. B. It's a good way to gain profits.

C. It's more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places. D. Energy can be got at a lower price. 56. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The word \"rubbish\" will soon disappear from dictionaries. B. Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.

C. To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods. D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:

There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses--all of which led to modem descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modem inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.

Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grand level--variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum--or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible from the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.

Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make prediction using 'a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine of the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.

57. With what is the passage mainly concerned?

A. The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics. B. Applications of inferential statistics. C. The development and use of statistics. D. How to use descriptive statistics.

58. Which of the following is NOT given as an example of qualitative variable? A. Gender. B. Height. C. College major. D. Type of personality.

59. Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?

A. It simplifies unwieldy masses of data. B. R leads to increased variability. C. It solves all numerical problems.

D. It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.

60. According to the passage which is the purpose of examining a sample of a population? A. To compare different groups.

B. To predict characteristics of the entire population. C. To consider all the quantitative variables. D. To tabulate collections of data.

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

Section B

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 61 in your work would depend, to a great extent, 62 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. Of the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 63 begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.

65 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A book keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.

This book has been designed to help you capitalize 66 the strength and overcome the 67 that you bring to the job of learning. But in group to measure your development, you must first take stock of where you stand now. 68 we get further along in the book, we'll be dealing in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 69 skills. However, to begin with, you should pause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 70 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.

61. A. improvement B. victory C. failure D. achievement 62. A. in B. on C. of D. to 63. A. who B. what C. that D. which . A. onto B. on C. off D. in 65. A. Have B. Had C. Having D. Had been 66. A. except B. but C. for D. on 67. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage 68. A. as B. till C. over D. out 69. A. learnt B. learned C. learning D. learn 70. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude D. weakness IV. Translation

Directions: There is 1 passage in this part of the test. You are to translate the passages into Chinese on your Answer Sheet. 71.

The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. Some of the Indians of North America used to collect and sell the oil from the wells of Pennsylvania. No one, however, seems to have realized the importance of this oil until it was found that paraffin-oil could be made from it; this led to the development of the wells and to the making of enormous profits. When the internal combustion engine was invented, oil became of worldwide importance.

There are four main areas of the world where deposits of oil appear. The first is that of the Middle East, and includes the regions near the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, another is the area between North and South America, and the third, between Asia

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

and Australia, includes the islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Java.

The forth area is the part near the North Pole. When all the present oilfields are exhausted, it is possible that this cold region may become the scene of oil activity. Due to general working conditions and the environment, the costs may be so high that no company will undertake the work. And if they do, the cost of the oil will eventually be passed on to consumers. If progress in alternative power sources to drive machines is fast enough, it is possible that oil-driven engines may give place to the new kind of engine. In that case the demand for oil will fall, and the oilfields will gradually disappear, and the deposits at the North Pole may rest where they are for ever.