mysql集群技术
1 环境描述Mysql manager 节点:192.168.0.1 MysqlServer节点:192.168.0.100 Mysql 节点:192.168.0.160 Mysql 节点:192.168.0.161
说明:至少需要四台服务器才可以做mysql的集群。建议5台,再增加一台MysqlServer。 2 安装mysql二进制包2.1 安装之前的准备工作下载mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz包
(注意:可以做集群的mysql都是mysql-max的,下载地点www.mysql.org) #groupadd mysql
#useradd -g mysql mysql
#cd /usr/local
#tar xfz mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
#ln -s /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /opt/mysql4.1.13
2.2 分别在manager,server,node节点上安装二进制的mysql包#cd mysql4.1.13 #scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql (必须带目录执行,否则出错) #chown -R root /opt/mysql4.1.13 #chgrp -R mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13
#chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13/data
#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/ 配置mysql启动设置 #chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server #chkconfig --add mysql.server
3 配置server,note节点在192.168.0.160和192.168.0.161机器上
# ./mysql –help 该命令可以查看mysql启动时是怎么寻找my.cnf文件的顺序。 Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13/data/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf data/my.cnf 将mysql的配置文件考到data下 Vi /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686/data/my.cnf [MYSQLD] ndbcluster
ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1 [MYSQL_CLUSTER]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1
4 配置Management管理节点在192.168.0.1机器上 #mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster #cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster #vi config.ini
[NDBD DEFAULT] # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes: NoOfReplicas=2 # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M # How much memory to allocate for data storage IndexMemory=52M # How much memory to allocate for index storage # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
# default values. Since the \"world\" database takes up # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for # this example Cluster setup.
[TCP DEFAULT] # TCP/IP options:
portnumber=2202 # This the default; however, you can use any # port that is free for all the hosts in cluster
# Note: It is recommended beginning with MySQL 5.0 that # you do not specify the portnumber at all and simply allow # the default value to be used instead
# Management process options(定义管理节点.) [NDB_MGMD]
hostname=192.168.0.1 # 管理节点Hostname or IP address of MGM node datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster # Directory for MGM node logfiles # Options for data node \"A\"(定义群集数据节点.) # (one [NDBD] section per data node) [NDBD]
hostname=192.168.0.160 # 节点Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # Directory for this data node's datafiles # Options for data node \"B\"(定义群集数据节点.) [NDBD]
hostname=192.168.0.161 # 节点Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # Directory for this data node's datafiles # SQL node options(定义Sql server节点.) [MYSQLD]
hostname=192.168.0.100 # SQL节点Hostname or IP address #datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # Directory for SQL node's datafiles # (additional mysqld connections can be # specified for this node for various # purposes such as running ndb_restore)
[NDB_MGMD]:后面不能有任何注释信息,否则提示:
Error line 17: [TCP] Unknown parameter: [NDB_MGMD] # Management process options Error line 17: Could not parse name-value pair in config file.
[SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前,这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default
5 启动mysql集群5.1 初始化启动mysql集群服务1)启动MysqlManagement管理节点(192.168.0.1)
#ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
2)启动Data Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161) #ndbd --initial
(注意:这个参数只能在第一次启动DataNode节点时使用,因为—initial参数会删除一些ndbd 实例先前创建的所有文件)
3)启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100)
# ./mysql.server start
5.2 重启mysql集群服务1)启动MysqlManagement管理节点(192.168.0.1) #ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
2)启动Data Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161) #ndbd
3)启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100) # ./mysql.server start
(注意:Management管理节点和DataNote节点都不开启mysql服务,只有MysqlServer节点开启。The default port for Cluster management nodes is 1186; the default port for data nodes is 2202.)
6 测试集群的效果6.1 在管理机上查看各节点运行状况[root@Proxy bin]# ./ndb_mgm -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client -- ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186 Cluster Configuration ---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.0.160 (Version: 4.1.13, Nodegroup: 0, Master) id=3 @192.168.0.161 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.0.1 (Version: 4.1.13)
[mysqld(API)] 1 node(s)
id=4 @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12)
6.2 模拟写入一个数据库表,各MysqlServer节点是否能够同步1) 在一个MysqlServer节点上创建数据库world和表,然后看看另一个MysqlServer节点是否也同样可以看到。 答:数据都相同
2) 拔掉一个DataNote节点网线,看看两台MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。 答:可以
3) 拔掉两台DataNote节点网线,查看一下MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。 答:所有MysqlServer都不能正常工作
7 附件:以上文档参考mysql官方资料:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ndbcluster.html